Search results for: Y_Manifolds 5_pk
#35671375 
2022/06/07
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High CT-Fluorophore Featuring a Basic Moiety into D-A Chain as a p Probe.
The determination of acidity represents a significant challenge within fluorometry, and no effective strategy has been developed successfully yet. It is attributed to the fact that acidity tends to be enhanced upon excitation, giving, in general, an overestimation of the ionization constant, p. Herein, we developed a strategy for p estimation of Brønsted acids in solution through fluorometry by using a convenient p probe, -aryl-7-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[][1,8]naphthyridin-4(1)-one. It allowed us to obtain a linear log p correlation derived from the selective quenching response of the probe by an interaction with different Brønsted acids. The key points of -aryl-7-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzo[][1,8]naphthyridin-4(1)-one as a p probe were (i) the location of a weak basic moiety in the donor-acceptor chain of the fluorophore, which favors a selective quenching of the intramolecular charge-transfer process according to the acidity of acid, and (ii) the high CT character upon excitation that promotes higher quenching magnitudes and favors a wider p range (19.5p) for the log p correlation. Other key principles were to delimit the study to pure proton transfer and nonfluorescent acids, which allowed restricting the quenching response to a process dependent mainly on the acid-base equilibrium. All these findings open a new perspective as a proof of concept to design effective fluorescent p probes.Angel H Romero, Hugo E Cerecetto
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#28348569 2017/03/13
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Combined Application of Biofertilizers and Inorganic Nutrients Improves Sweet Potato Yields.
Sweet potato [ (L) ] yields currently stand at 4.5 t ha on smallholder farms in Uganda, despite the attainable yield (45-48 t ha) of NASPOT 11 cultivar comparable to the potential yield (45 t ha) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). On-farm field experiments were conducted for two seasons in the Mt Elgon High Farmlands and Lake Victoria Crescent agro-ecological zones in Uganda to determine the potential of biofertilizers, specifically arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), to increase sweet potato yields (NASPOT 11 cultivar). Two kinds of biofertilizers were compared to different rates of phosphorus (P) fertilizer when applied with or without nitrogen (N) and potassium (K). The sweet potato response to treatments was variable across sites (soil types) and seasons, and significant tuber yield increase ( < 0.05) was promoted by biofertilizer and NPK treatments during the short-rain season in the Ferralsol. Tuber yields ranged from 12.8 to 20.1 t ha in the Rhodic Nitisol (sandy-clay) compared to 7.6 to 14.9 t ha in the Ferralsol (sandy-loam) during the same season. Root colonization was greater in the short-rain season compared to the long-rain season. Biofertilizers combined with N and K realized higher biomass and tuber yield than biofertilizers alone during the short-rain season indicating the need for starter nutrients for hyphal growth and root colonization of AMF. In this study, N0.25PK (34.6 t ha) and N0.5PK (32.9 t ha) resulted in the highest yield during the long and the short-rain season, respectively, but there was still a yield gap of 11.9 and 13.6 t ha for the cultivar. Therefore, a combination of 90 kg N ha and 100 kg K ha with either 15 or 30 kg P ha can increase sweet potato yield from 4.5 to >30 t ha. The results also show that to realize significance of AMF in nutrient depleted soils, starter nutrients should be included.Ruth W Mukhongo, John B Tumuhairwe, Peter Ebanyat, AbdelAziz H AbdelGadir, Moses Thuita, Cargele Masso