Search results for: Human Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-4 (CCL18) MIP-4 CCL18
#16446702 
2006/01/23
To Up
Microarray and protein analysis of human pterygium.
Pterygium is a sunlight-related, ocular-surface lesion that can obscure vision. In order to identify specific genes that may play a role in pterygium pathogenesis, we analyzed the global gene expression profile of pterygium in relation to autologous conjunctiva.Molykutty John-Aryankalayil, Nicholas Dushku, Cynthia J Jaworski, Constance A Cox, Gregory Schultz, Janine A Smith, Keri E Ramsey, Dietrich A Stephan, Kenn A Freedman, Ted W Reid, Deborah A Carper
1171 related Products with: Microarray and protein analysis of human pterygium.
100ul2020.025 mg5020 ug10205021mg
Related Pathways
#15784687 2005/03/22
To Up
Involvement of CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) in normal and pathological processes.
CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) was originally discovered as pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC), dendritic cell (DC)-chemokine 1 (DC-CK1), alternative macrophage activation-associated CC chemokine-1 (AMAC-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-4 (MIP-4). CCL18 primarily targets lymphocytes and immature DC, although its agonistic receptor remains unknown so far. CCL18 is mainly expressed by a broad range of monocytes/macrophages and DC. A more profound understanding of the various activation programs and functional phenotypes of these producer cells might give a better insight in the proinflammatory versus anti-inflammatory role of this CC chemokine. It is interesting that CCL18 is constitutively present at high levels in human plasma and likely contributes to the physiological homing of lymphocytes and DC and to the generation of primary immune responses. Furthermore, enhanced CCL18 production has been demonstrated in several diseases, including various malignancies and inflammatory joint, lung, and skin diseases. The lack of a rodent counterpart for human CCL18 sets all hope on primate animal models to further elucidate the importance of CCL18 in vivo. This review will address these different aspects in more detail.Evemie Schutyser, Ann Richmond, Jo Van Damme
1257 related Products with: Involvement of CC chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) in normal and pathological processes.
2ug
Related Pathways
#11745396 //
To Up
Selective induction of CCL18/PARC by staphylococcal enterotoxins in mononuclear cells and enhanced levels in septic and rheumatoid arthritis.
Chemokines are mediators of innate and acquired immunity. CCL18, also designated pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC), dendritic cell-derived CC chemokine-1 (DC-CK1), alternative macrophage activation-associated CC chemokine-1 (AMAC-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-4 (MIP-4), was for the first time isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and biochemically characterized. We found that CCL18/PARC protein is spontaneously secreted by PBMC and is selectively induced in PBMC by staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEA, SEB) and IL-4, but not by IFN-gamma and the CXCL8/IL-8 inducers lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or Concanavalin A. Human fibroblasts, chondrocytes and endothelial cells did not produce CCL18/PARC in response to inflammatory mediators such as measles virus, double-stranded RNA, LPS or IL-1beta, whereas up to 150 ng/ml of CCL2/MCP-1 was induced under these conditions. In synovial fluids from septic and rheumatoid arthritis patients, fourfold-enhanced CCL18/PARC levels (150 ng/ml) were detected compared to those in crystal-induced arthritis and osteoarthritis. In septic arthritis, the synovial levels of CCL18/PARC were fivefold higher than those of CXCL8/IL-8. Immunochemistry revealed CD68(+) monocytes/macrophages as the main CCL18/PARC-producing cell type in both PBMC and arthritic synovial tissue. In addition, CD1a(+) blood dendritic cells expressed CCL18/PARC. These findings suggest that monocytic cells respond to Gram-positive bacterial infection by the production of CCL18/PARC in the synovial cavity.E Schutyser, S Struyf, A Wuyts, W Put, K Geboes, B Grillet, G Opdenakker, J Van Damme